Information: This is an old - not maintained - article of the AEIOU. In the Austria-Forum you find an updated version of this article in the new AEIOU.
DienstgradeRanks, Military and Civil Service: official positions that are awarded ad personam. In the armed forces there is a distinction between the ranks of private soldiers ("Mannschaft"), sergeants ("Unteroffizier") and officers ("Offizier"); they are made visible by rank insignia worn on the uniforms. A similar system is employed in the police and the gendarmerie (rural police); the Austrian Railways (ÖBB) have abolished the rank system. Civil servants are classified according to their duties and wages.
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