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Carnap, RudolfCarnap, Rudolf, b. Ronsdorf b. Wuppertal (Germany), May 18, 1891, d. Santa Monica (USA), Sept. 14, 1970, philosopher, 1926-1935 university professor in Vienna and Prague, from 1936 in the USA, with M. Schlick one of the leading figures in the Vienna Circle. He based logic on comprehensive semantics (study of the relationships between signs and symbols) and was the first to develop the construction theory of notions; continued the empiriocriticism of E. Mach. Works: Der log. Aufbau der Welt, 1928; Einführung in die symbol. Logik, 1954; Einführung in die Philosophie der Naturwissenschaft, (German version 1969, English version 1966). Literature: R. Cirera, C. and the Vienna Circle, 1994; L. Krauth, Die Philosophie C., 1997; T. Mormann, R. C., 2000.
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