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Goethe said that he had never seen an artist "more concentrated, more energetic and yet more intimate". This gives a clear picture of Beethoven as an individualist of the post-revolutionary period, he represents a type of artist who imposes laws upon himself and appears as a man of strong emotions. As an individualist he is the first musician in modern history who managed to free himself from the position of a mere servant. His own thoughts on this topic can be found in his diaries and in his letters, among which the most moving are his letter to the unknown "Immortal Beloved" or the "Heiligenstadt Testament".
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