Schweiz - Österreich

Switzerland - Austria: In the middle ages the historical relationship between Austria and Switzerland was determined in particular by the Swiss Habsburg dynasty. The Habsburgs, who ruled over large parts of Switzerland, received the lands Austria and Styria in 1282. After the foundation of the Confederation (1291) they were gradually driven out of Switzerland and after several severe defeats (Morgarten 1315, Sempach 1386, Näfels 1388) had to cede their Swiss domains in the15th century. In 1499 the Confederation became independent from the Austrian Empire. Further contacts of the Austrian lands with Switzerland focused on the area next to Lake Constance (Vorarlberg); Switzerland´s growing policy of neutrality, which was recognised in 1815, had a somewhat inhibiting influence on the relationship between the two countries in the 19^th century.

During the 18^th and 19^th centuries some Swiss settled in Austria to found small enterprises (watchmakers from Geneva). In the 20^th century Switzerland escaped both World Wars due to its policy of neutrality and was thus able to remain an area of prosperity. In 1919 and 1945 Switzerland took in children from Austria. Political ties have been strengthened since 1955 due to Austria´s neutrality, and economic relations have become stronger since 1960 due to EFTA. The number of Austrians working in Switzerland has also risen considerably. Since Austria´s entry into the European Union Swiss companies have tried to increase their economic influence in Austria.

Literature: U. Altermatt and E. Brix (eds.), Schweiz und Österreich, 1995.