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Oktoberdiplom 1860Oktoberdiplom 1860: The Austrian military defeat against Piedmont-Sardinia in 1859 Sardininan War also marked the end of the bureaucratic centralist system of Neo-Absolutism. To implement the necessary governmental reforms, emperor Franz Joseph I sought the advice of various factions. In the "enlarged Reichsrat", the federalist-autonomist group prevailed. They represented the high aristocracy and were opposed to drastic constitutional reforms. The Oktoberdiplom was issued by emperor Franz Joseph on October 20, 1860; the Minister of the Interior, A. Goluchowski, although not entirely in favour of the Oktoberdiplom, was in charge of its implementation. Since German liberal groups in Austria and the Hungarian population voiced their resistance (tax strike), the Oktoberdiplom was replaced by the centralistic February Patent in February of 1861.
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