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Marionettenbühnen
© Copyright Puppeteers of the Salzburg Puppet Theatre during a performance: Fritz Hall (left), Gretl Aicher (centre), Hermann Aicher (next to G. A.) and Fritz Aicher (right), photo dating from the 1930s. Marionette Theatres. Having possibly originated in Asia, marionette theatres became popular in Europe during the Middle Ages. In the Baroque era marionette plays constituted a much loved form of popular theatre (by then a typically Austrian puppet, the "Kasperl" had been created), whereas they mainly served to entertain the noble society in the 18th century. Famous 20th -century Austrian theatres of this kind are the Salzburg Marionette Theatre (founded by the sculptor A. Aicher in 1913, cycles of Mozart and Gluck operas), as well as the "Figurenspiegel" ( Puppet Theatre) of R. Teschner. Literature: B. Raitmayr, Die Salzburger Marionetten, doctoral thesis, Vienna, 1969; R. Simmen, Marionetten aus aller Welt, 1978; O. Batek, Marionetten-, Stab-, Draht- und Fadenpuppen, 1980; G. Kraus, Das Kleine Welttheater. Die Salzburger Marionetten, 1988.
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