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Eine Kleine Nachtmusik, second movement: Andante
Duration of performance: c. 5 minutes
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Form scheme: tri-partite song form
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The second movement, called Romance, is composed in a tri-partite song form (part A, part B, a
shortened version of part A with a concluding coda). In this section Mozart demonstrates his love of
folk music melodies.
By "Romance" we mean a "poem in the style
of a folk song". In instrumental music the Romance has
been used since the end of the 18th century (orchestral works of
Haydn and Mozart).
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bars 1-7
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The movement starts with a theme in 4 bars. This theme, however, has to be seen as part of a melody
of 16 bars, in which the whole melody (part A) is again divided into a b a 1. The centre part of this
elegantly flowing melody is to be understood and felt as an unfolding of the main theme.
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bars 8-16
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When the theme recurs in part A 1, Mozart avoids a pure repetition and briefly modulates from C major to A major, which adds a new sound effect.
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bars 17-23
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A graceful, charming musical idea is the second theme in part A. The musical impulse of the theme
is gained by the first 4 staccato notes on the same pitch.
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bars 24-30
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The unfolding uses the musical substance of the previous theme and ends in a short motive of 4 notes
that is imitated in all parts.
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bars 30-37
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Part A is concluded with the main theme.
In the C-minor centre part (part B) a motive is presented by the first violin and, in imitation, by the bass instruments; the second violin and the viola form the harmonic basis in regular sixteenth notes.
P art A1 is a literal repetition of the first part A, just omitting the secondary theme. Part A1 is
followed by a short coda in 8 bars, in which the main theme of the movement recurs once again.
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